Category Archives: Productivity

Habits are Infinite But Not a Game

Continuing on the subject of Forever Goals and Infinite Games, let’s compare them to habits.

As a reminder, an Infinite Game is one you play so that you can play it. It is intrinsically fun. The goal, if there even is one, is to get better so that you can keep playing. A Forever Goal is something you will always want, but can’t really achieve. You approach a Forever Goal. Asymptotically. Over infinite time. I think there’s a connection.

Since you can only approach a Forever Goal with constant work, I think designing an infinite game that incidentally gets you closer is a good strategy. Habits can also work, but for different reasons.

Habits aren’t designed to be fun. An infinite game is more like a bad habit. They’re both addictive. Good habits usually aren’t. BJ Fogg, author of Tiny Habits [ad], says to design habits that are so small that you will still do them even when you aren’t motivated. They need to be easy because they’re not fun.

Infinite games, however, are fun. They are designed to be their own motivation. You would play even if you had no extrinsic goal. The goal of the game is to keep playing the game. Habits aren’t like this. They are a means to an end. If you don’t want the end or the habit doesn’t work, you’ll stop.

The benefit of a game over a habit is that it can be more complex and take more time and energy. Tiny Habits are supposed to lead to bigger actions, but they rely on motivation. If you do a habit and you happen to have a lot of energy for the activity, then you could extend it (e.g.: a tiny habit of flossing one tooth could lead to flossing all of your teeth). But you don’t need motivation to keep playing a fun game. You need motivation to stop. When you put more time and energy into something, even as it gets more complex, you get better faster.

Another difference is that habits get easier over time, but infinite games get harder. It’s even more important that it gets more fun the better you are at it. A game shouldn’t be easy to master. Mastery might take forever. And the rewards should increase with your skill. If not, it gets boring and you will quit. When the game’s difficulty is achievable and the outcome is rewarding, you don’t need motivation to play it.

Applying this to my life, I use a combination of habits and games. My morning routine is mostly built on habits: taking vitamins, flossing, etc. Backed by reminders and environmental cues. But, my fitness is almost completely game-based. I don’t need any motivation because I just want to play, sometimes to my detriment (like a bad habit) as I nurse injuries.

And this all brings me back to learning Spanish, which I still force myself to do, and not very well. Still not a game and not even a consistent habit.

An Infinite Game is Like a Bad Habit

If an activity is an infinite game, then you don’t need motivation to do it. It’s more likely you need motivation to not do it too much. Like smoking.

If you play infinite games that are good for you, then that’s fine. I did my first 5k in 2005 and first marathon in 2009. I was addicted to running and got a lot of health benefits. Better than that, I ate as much as I wanted. I loved running, and I thought I would do it forever.

But all of that running did have downsides, and I had to give it up. It was hard. Last year, I was sidelined for six months because I injured a knee trying to re-incorporate running into my routine. That was enough to make me quit (I hope). I still think about doing it, though.

Bad habits are hard to break because you get an immediate benefit. The bad part usually comes in the long-term. When designing an infinite game, we need to keep the immediate benefit part. It’s best if that benefit is obvious when you are playing the game. Or at worst, you see improvement the next time you play.

This is easy at the beginning, which helps you get hooked. Couch to 5K is a good example. But as you improve, it gets harder for a small gain to seem significant. This happens for bad habits too, which is how you can eventually end up with a two-pack a day smoking habit.

Right now, I am trying to figure out an infinite game to learn Spanish. I really think that there’s no downside to do this, but I am really struggling to find a fun game with immediate benefits. My improvements are imperceptible to me. Maybe I just need to play longer each day for now to get more of a fix.

The Inner Game of Spanish

In my post reviewing The Inner Game of Tennis, I wrote that I thought the book applied to any physical activity. I also think it could apply to language acquisition, because we speak and listen with our automatic mind. You don’t want a judging mind to be evaluating how well you are pronouncing words and understanding. But if it’s not judging, then what?

The trick described in The Inner Game is to give your judging mind something to do. In tennis, Gallwey recommends having your thinking, judging self track the ball’s spin or think “bounce”, “hit” when appropriate. You could have it just track the position of your arm right before you hit. The key is that it is something objective.

I want to use this technique to get better at Spanish comprehension. One way I do that is to watch Dreaming Spanish videos to get comprehensible input (native language without translation, just above my level). It’s hard. I can feel my mind wander as it judges that I am not doing well enough.

Here are some things I am going to try out to give my thinking mind something to do:

  • Observe the mouth of the speaker: I am hoping I’ll see some connections to the sounds they are making. This is easier with a video than in real life, of course.
  • Sketchnote the content of the video: I am specifically trying to avoid translation. I want the Spanish words to evoke pictures in my mind.
  • Transcribe: Not every word, but phrases here and there. I will probably combine this with sketchnoting.

The goal is to get my mind to stop doing meta-thinking about how well I am understanding, and if that’s good enough. I want it to provide neutral, objective information to my automatic brain. I’ll share more after I’ve been trying it a while.

A Game’s Fun Comes from Its Rules

Baseball’s infield fly rule seems strange at first. It says that when there are runners on first and second with less than two out, and the ball is popped up to the infield, then it’s an automatic out, even if the fielder drops it. Without the infield fly rule, the fielder might let the ball drop on purpose. Then they could turn an easy double-play at second and third base. A pop-up would turn into two outs in a way that isn’t fun for the players or fans because it takes no skill. The rule is there to make the game more fun.

Professional sports are filled with rules like this. Basketball has goal tending, soccer and hockey have offsides, and in football, you can’t catch a pass if you run out of bounds. Rules like this often come after their absence was exploited. For example, goaltending was introduced in 1944 to stop a 6’ 10” center from making the game less fun for everyone (else).

So, when designing an infinite game, you might need seemingly arbitrary rules. Probably it’s better to notice when the game is too easy and figure out a way to make it harder. Based on the examples above, you should also look for times when you play the game in an odd way that gets you rewards with no skill or work. It might seem fun at first, but easy games get boring, and then you’ll quit.

Forever Goals Aren’t SMART

In the last post, I wrote about Forever Goals, which are outcomes I will always want. It’s something I can approach or maintain, not achieve. They are not SMART goals (i.e. Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-Bound). For example, a SMART goal is phrased like this: “losing 5 pounds by the end of the year by doing 4 hours of cardio per week and tracking calories.” A Forever Goal is more like “be fit.” A Forever Goal could have a logo. It should make a good tattoo.

I think a SMART goal is more likely to succeed, especially in the short-term. But I fail a lot of personal SMART goals. For some of my aspirations, it hasn’t caused me to give up. I think it’s because I know I don’t really care about the SMART version of the goal. I care about the Forever version. If done right, a Forever Goal can succeed … forever.

Let’s compare the two.

In a SMART goal, the Relevancy is how much you want the goal. Relevancy is baked into the idea of a Forever Goals, so no difference there. Forever goals are also Measurable in the sense that there are measures that I want to increase or maintain, like my Personal Record (PR) lift or mile time. The difference is that the goal is the direction, not necessarily a number. A number can be achieved, but a direction is forever.

The similarities end there because Forever Goals aren’t Time-bound or Achievable and not particularly Specific. If you stop there, this is a good enough reason for them to fail. You could certainly support a Forever Goal with milestones that are SMART, which I have done. But now I prefer designing an infinite game instead.

The issue with SMART milestones is that failing them is de-motivating. If I do the cardio and track my calories, but don’t lose 5 pounds, I might be discouraged. This is true even if you become more fit. Personally, I fail almost all of my fitness milestones. But, I do still work out regularly. I do generally eat healthy. The measures of my fitness are mostly trending positive. I think the reason is that I have found a way to make doing the right things fun. Working out, cooking, and even grocery shopping are games to me.

I have also found programming to be incredibly fun and do it for enjoyment. I never made any kind of SMART milestone to get better at programming, but have no problem doing the work that makes me better at it.

SMART-like goals were imposed on me by employers, so I guess they were in the mix. If the only reason to program was to meet the goals of my employers, I think I would have given up a while ago (or not have been as successful or happy).

This is on my mind as I struggle to figure out a way to make learning Spanish more fun. I do the work (mostly), but it’s subject to wild swings in motivation. I have been relying on habits and discipline to make progress, which I’ll discuss next.

Fuerte Y Suerte

Instead of New Year’s Resolutions, I pick a yearly theme to help me make progress on my goals.

In 2023, it was to Make Art with Friends, which led to me joining Toastmasters and a sketch group. I also started a meetup for local software developers. In early 2024, I extended it by joining The Useful Authors group. Then, in 2024, I chose the theme of “Heavy Lifting” to encompass my fitness program and the work it would take to write a book. Last year, it was Just Keep Swimming, which meant to keep working on my book, Swimming in Tech Debt, and get it done.

This year is about strength training, learning Spanish, and marketing my book. I chose to represent that with the theme “Fuerte Y Suerte”, which means “Strong and Lucky” in Spanish. EDIT: Get the t-shirt.

The Strong and Spanish part are clear. By lucky, I mean in the sense of writing a bunch of content on this blog, my podcast, my email list, LinkedIn, and other places and hoping that one of those things takes off (as I described in Blog Posts, Randomness, and Optionality). I think of each post as a lottery ticket with a low fixed cost and huge upside potential. Randomness is the Great Creator.

In the past, this led to My Guest Article on Tech Debt for the Pragmatic Engineer and making the front-page of HN, which I described here: My “Show HN” Follow-Up for “Swimming in Tech Debt”. In my life, it has led to writing a book for Manning, being invited to conferences, jobs, etc.

A couple of days ago, I revived my podcast, and the next episode will be about getting lucky.

Perfection Is Not An Accident

I took the Seven train into Manhattan often as a teenager. At Queensboro Plaza, I could see the billboard for Eagle Electric with their motto: “Perfection Is Not An Accident”. I think about it a lot. But, I probably have not seen it in person since the nineties. It’s gone now.

Until recently, I didn’t even remember the name of the company, just the motto. I wrote a little bit about this in my book, discussing the power of pithy, memorable value statements.

A year ago, I was at the New York Historical Society, and I saw a painting of it by Pamela Talese (you can see it on her collection of signs).

The feeling of nostalgia was overwhelming. I was instantly sent back to a conversation I had with my high school friends about the sign and its motto.

Luckily, she sells archival quality, Giclée prints of the nighttime one. I bought one and put it right over my monitor so I can see it when I work.

From Art & Fear [amazon affiliate link], I learned to use my personal imperfect work as a jumping off point to a new work. This painting, which shows a company striving for perfection, but coming up short with an imperfect sign, reminds me to keep trying.

It’s one example of Environment Hacking, and what I wrote about a few days ago in Use Motivation To Program Your Environment.

Use Motivation To Program Your Environment

The end of the year, for me, is a time of very high motivation. My intention is to run through the new year with whatever goals I was planning. I adjust and figure out what I can actually do.

I also put in permanent (or hard to change) environmental changes. I believe in Environment Hacking, where I put things in my environment that trigger my behavior or remove things that are triggering behavior I don’t want. For example, to get off of nearly all social media, I removed the apps and blocked the sites in my /etc/hosts file.

My motivation goes up and down throughout the year. I am personally highly motivated from January through my birthday in early April, which happens to coincide with the first thirteen weeks of the year. I use this time to plan for when my motivation will crater. I do things that will make it easy to keep on track. For me this means not having to plan, just execute.

Here are some examples of what I have done when my motivation is high:

  1. When I feel like cooking, I cook something healthy in bulk. I’ll have something good to eat later when I don’t feel like cooking. I buy tempeh in bulk and freeze it.
  2. I use widgets on my phone homepage to show me how I am doing with goals or help me do them (e.g. DuoLingo and Cronometer).
  3. I have a pull-up bar in my office to encourage me to dead hang more. There’s a dumbbell set next to my desk. I have a underdesk pedaler. I am generally trying to make my day less sedentary.
  4. I bought a print that I find inspiring and hung it above my monitor (more on this later).

The general idea is to put things in places where you can’t help to see them to make it easy to do the behavior later when your motivation drops.

2026 4DX: Fourth Discipline

This is the fourth and final post in series of how I am implementing The 4 Disciplines of Execution [affiliate] for 2026 towards one goal each in my business, fitness, and personal life. I discussed the first [1st DX], second [2nd DX], and third [3rd DX] disciplines in previous posts.

Personal Growth: [1st DX] Get to CEFR level TBD in Spanish. [2nd DX] Focussed and repeat listening to beginner Spanish podcasts. [3rd DX] Count of podcast listens per week (at least 5 is my preliminary goal)

Business: [1st DX] Make Amazon Ads for my book break even. [2nd DX] Find readers, ask for reviews. [3rd DX] Review count per month (goal is 3 per month)

Fitness: [1st DX] Improve 5 lifts by TBD. [2nd DX] Lift 3x/week. [3rd DX] Pounds added to lifts.

The final discipline is accountability. For my business goal, I already am a member of a writer’s accountability group. For my personal growth goal, I want to get good enough to attend the local Spanish learning meetup by the middle of the year.

And finally, for fitness, I decided to rejoin Crossfit. I need access to barbells and racks (and small increment plates). It’s across the street from my apartment, and there’s a chance it could become a third space.

To add another layer, I will post monthly on this blog as well with just an update and my assessment of whether this plan is working or not.

How Digital Journaling is Better Than Paper

Yesterday, I wrote about How Digital Journaling Is Worse Than Paper, and today I want to write about how it was better.

I use the Supernote Manta. It’s better than paper for me in these ways:

  1. It’s a lot easier to carry (slim and light). This will be especially true as I build up annual journals in it.
  2. It also has my Kindle, so I don’t need to carry that in addition.
  3. I never run out of ink.
  4. I can make my pen have various thicknesses and shades.
  5. You can undo and edit.

#5 is the reason I can’t give up digital journaling. This was not part of my criteria when I was deciding on this a year ago, but I could not live without it now.

Also, I don’t use this feature, but it has OCR, which makes the journals searchable. I do like that I could use it later.